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Pennsylvania may be landlocked, but geography is no barrier for this Franklin & Marshall marine biochemist. By leveraging a powerful supercomputer, Peter Fields and his student researchers are tackling ocean climate change from the heart of F&M鈥檚 home city of Lancaster. 

Fields, the Dr. E. Paul & Frances H. Reiff Professor of Biology, researches how marine organisms adapt to extreme environmental conditions. For the past decade, he has been investigating coral bleaching, the phenomenon where corals eject their symbiotic algae in response to environmental stress. 

鈥淭his happens especially often in response to high temperatures,鈥� Fields said. 鈥淎s the ocean warms, reef-building corals are bleaching and dying, leading to the loss of reef ecosystems in the tropics. I would like to understand better why bleaching happens, and whether the symbiosis can evolve to better withstand high temperatures.鈥� 

F&M鈥檚 High-Performance Computing (HPC) cluster is a critical tool in Fields鈥� research, acting as a virtual laboratory where he and his student researchers conduct biological 鈥渟tress tests鈥� on proteins essential to coral survival. The cluster鈥檚 graphic processing units (GPUs) generate visual simulations of these proteins, which allow the team to track the movement of every single atom to see how they react under heat. 

鈥淚t鈥檚 very much like a frame-by-frame movie of how the atoms in a protein move around over time,鈥� Fields said. 鈥淭hese simulations involve an insane number of calculations. In order to create our complete trajectories, we need a computer powerful enough to recalculate the position of hundreds of thousands of atoms 50 to 100 million times.鈥�

For Sydney Rosato 鈥�27 and Kelly Kaltenhauser 鈥�26, the cluster鈥檚 immense processing power unlocks the distinctive opportunity to test鈥攊n a virtual environment鈥攈ow processes at the molecular level impact survival. Rosato, a biology and Spanish double major, examined whether genetic tweaks can prevent coral bleaching. Kaltenhauser, a biology major, studied how warm- and cold-adapted fish evolved to function at extreme temperatures.

鈥淔&M鈥檚 research computing cluster has made my research run much more smoothly and efficiently,鈥� Kaltenhauser said. 鈥淚t has allowed me to manage large simulation files and analyze enzyme dynamics without the limitations of my personal computer.鈥�

Rosato noted the cluster was integral to efficiently gathering experimental data. 

鈥淧reparing each data-heavy simulation requires an incredible amount of computing power and can take weeks to complete,鈥� she said. 鈥淭he computing cluster was able to handle the computing requirements of creating additional simulations, and it significantly shortened the completion time, making it easier for me to gather sufficient data within a single semester.鈥�

This type of high-caliber research empowers F&M students to unleash their curiosity while learning proper research techniques from expert, published researchers鈥攅xperiences typically reserved for graduate students.

鈥淭he most fascinating aspect of research at F&M is the close collaboration between students and professors,鈥� Kaltenhauser said. 鈥淧rofessors truly value students getting hands-on experience, which creates a supportive environment that encourages active learning and partnership.鈥�

Rosato added that the autonomy to test her own theories, backed by the steady mentorship of a faculty expert, strengthened her ability to independently recognize and develop branching research questions and methods of data analysis.

鈥淧rofessor Fields served as a great mentor by actively addressing any questions I had and filling the gaps in my knowledge in order to prepare me for conducting research,鈥� she said.

Mapping the Cosmos with F&M鈥檚 Supercomputer

How do you find a needle in a galactic haystack? Fronefield Crawford is harnessing the computational strength of F&M鈥檚 High-Performance Computing (HPC) cluster to pinpoint the location of rotating stars in our neighboring galaxies. (Image credit: NASA)

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